Physical Property · Reviewed definition

Specific Gravity

The ratio of a material’s density to the density of water under specified conditions.[1]

Also known as: SG

Plain English

What it means

Specific gravity compares how dense a gem material is with water.

Why it matters

It provides a useful physical property for narrowing identification.

What it does not tell you

Results depend on sound measurement and may be impractical for some mounted stones.

Evidence

References

  1. 1
    Analysis of Gemstones at GIA Laboratories

    Gemological Institute of America

    Open source